The greenhouse effect is a bad explanation of the temperature in the atmosphere.

 

The greenhouse effect is a bad explanation of the temperature in the atmosphere.

 

Author; Rogelio Perez C

Summary;

According to the greenhouse effect theory, temperature in the atmosphere is caused by heat emitted by atoms on the earth's surface, which is absorbed, retained and irradiated in all directions by certain special gases in the atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases.

The problem with the greenhouse effect theory is that the science that explains heat and temperature for any system in the universe, which must govern the greenhouse effect theory, explains it differently, it tells us that the temperature in the atmosphere is caused by the gas molecules that compose it, due to its movements , which originates kinetic energy, which is the energy of temperature, but it also tells us that heat does not radiate, but is transferred, from hotter systems to colder ones, by molecules or atoms themselves.

Introduction.

The problem of climate change is mainly caused by an increase in the temperature of the planet, which may be true. But the science that explains the heat in the atmosphere tells us, that the heat in the earth originates mainly after the solar constant, by a greenhouse effect, which is caused by certain gases in the atmosphere known as greenhouse gases, its function is to absorb and radiate in all directions the infrared energy (heat) emitted by the surface of the planet, therefore the problem of global warming, is described as an increase in the greenhouse effect, caused by the increase of these special gases that retains the infrared emitted by the earth, therefore it causes a greater heat on the planet, and explain the increase of these gases, is due to human activity (anthropogenic), targeting mainly fossil fuels as the greatest threat facing the planet, based on this theory solutions are established to prevent the rise of temperature on the planet.

 

Theory statement and definitions.

The greenhouse effect theory

The greenhouse effect is a process in which thermal radiation emitted by the planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs) and radiated in all directions. As part of this radiation is returned to the Earth's surface and lower atmosphere.1

Greenhouse effect theory 1

https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/

Kinetic theory

The kinetic theory of gases is a physical and chemical theory that explains the macroscopic behavior and properties of gases (the law of ideal gases), based on a statistical description of microscopic molecular processes. The kinetic theory was developed based on studies by physicists such as Daniel Bernoulli in the 18th century, Ludwig Boltzmann and James Clerk Maxwell in the late 19th century.2

Charles law for gases, for any gas, the ratio between temperature and volume is directly proportional, if the quantity of gas and pressure remain constant.

Mathematically we can express it like this:

Where;

V is the volume

T is the absolute temperature (i.e measured in kelvin).

k is the constant of proportionality.3

 

Heat, q, is thermal energy transferred from a hotter system to a cooler system that are in contact. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system. The zeroth law of thermodynamics says that no heat is transferred between two objects in thermal equilibrium; therefore, they are the same temperature.4

Heat, is thermal energy transferred from a hotter system to a cooler system that are in contact.

We can calculate the heat released or absorbed using the specific heat capacity C, the mass of the substance, m, and the change in temperature, ΔT in the equation:     q=m×C×ΔT

Heat and temperature are two different but closely related concepts. Note that they have different units: temperature typically has units of degrees Celsius (degreesC,) or Kelvin (K), and heat has units of energy, Joules (J).

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system. The water molecules in a cup of hot coffee have a higher average kinetic energy than the water molecules in a cup of iced tea, which also means they are moving at a higher velocity.5

Temperature is also an intensive property, which means that the temperature doesn't change no matter how much of a substance you have (as long as it is all at the same temperature!). This is why chemists can use the melting point to help identify a pure substance—minus the temperature at which it melts is a property of the substance with no dependence on the mass of a sample.

The equipartition theorem relates the temperature of a system to its average energies. It makes quantitative predictions, provides the total kinetic and potential energies for a system at a given temperature, from which the heat capacity of the system can be calculated. However, the equipartition also provides the average values of individual energy components, such as the kinetic energy of a particular particle or the potential energy of a single spring. For example, it predicts that each atom in an ideal monoatomic gas has an average kinetic energy of (3/2) k B T in thermal equilibrium, where k B is Boltzmann's constant and Te the temperature (thermodynamics).6

Thermal motion of an α-helical peptide. The jittery motion is random and complex, and the energy of any particular atom can fluctuate wildly. Nevertheless, the equipartition theorem allows the average kinetic energy of each atom to be computed, as well as the average potential energies of many vibrational modes. The grey, red and blue spheres represent atoms of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen, respectively; the smaller white spheres represent atoms of hydrogen.7

Conclusions;

After knowing the physics and chemistry that explains the temperature and heat of the systems, we can conclude that the greenhouse effect theory is contrary to these, in other words we cannot accept the greenhouse effect as a valid explanation in the laws of physics and chemistry to explain the temperature and heat of the atmosphere.

 

Nor can we accept that the sun that emits light at all wavelengths of the known infrared cannot emit the wavelength of the infrared that emits the surface of the earth, which is the one that accumulates in the atmosphere.

 

Another mistake of greenhouse theory is to show infrared emitted by all gas molecules in the atmosphere due to its temperature, such as heat retained in the atmosphere.

 

It also tells us that heat can be emitted from colder systems such as earth, to other hotter systems such as the atmosphere, when science tells us that heat is transferred by contact, by hotter systems to colder ones.

 

If the greenhouse effect theory wants to continue to work to explain global temperature and heat, so that it can be taken as a basis for global warming solutions, its advocates should seek to explain quickly;

1-    how the kinetic energy of gas molecules, in a gaseous system such as the atmosphere, is not taken into account in order to explain the temperature of the atmosphere, taking into account the physics and chemistry that explain heat and temperature.

 

2-    They must create a new thermometer that can measure the kinetic energy of earth's atoms in the air, because what we have shown us is the kinetic movement of the atoms or molecules that make up the system.

 

3-    They should explain how a volume of 0.04% of a gaseous system like the atmosphere can radiate heat in all directions, without coming into contact with other systems, and without coming into contact with the other 99.9% of the volume of the gas molecules in this system.

 

Now that we know that the kinetic energy of gas molecules in the atmosphere is responsible for temperature, another question arises: What energy causes the kinetic motion of gas molecules in the atmosphere?

Response; the energy that causes the kinetic movement of the molecules in the atmosphere is not infrared radiation, because 99.9% of the molecules in the atmosphere does not absorb this energy. The energy that causes the kinetic movement in the molecules of the atmosphere is ultraviolet radiation, which when ionizes oxygen molecules 21% of the atmosphere, turns the atmosphere into an electrical conductor, which increases the kinetic movement in these.

Bibliography;

 

1- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Consultado el 15 de octubre de 2010.

 A concise description of the greenhouse effect is given in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report, "What is the Greenhouse Effect?" FAQ 1.3 - AR4 WGI Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change Science, IIPCC Fourth Assessment Report, Chapter 1, page

 

2- Maxwell, J. C. (1867). "On the Dynamical Theory of Gases". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 157: 49

 

3. http://www.educaplus.org/gases/ley_charles.html

 

4-https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/thermodynamics-chemistry/internal-energy-sal/a/heat

 

5-https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/thermodynamics-chemistry/internal-energy-sal/a/heat

 

6- http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Kinetic/eqpar.html

7- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equipartition_theorem